61.Jackie Chan started as a comedy actor and then moved into serious roles.

62.Chan was very popular in the United States right away with his first movie.

63.The last three movies mentioned,Rumble in the Bronx,Rush Hour,and Shanghai Noon—were very successful.

Questions 64-65:Answer the following questions according to the passage.

64.What did Jackie Chan learn for a career in the Peking Opera?

65.When did Jackie Chan get full celebrity status?

Section C(10 marks)

Question 66-70 are based on the following passage.

What Makes Sound Beautiful?

(69)Beauty is certainly more than skin-deep.However you might define it,beauty extends far beyond the visual to that which pleases other senses and even the mind.The most important among these other routes for the observation of beauty is the sense of hearing,Music is routinely recognized as beautiful.So are other sounds,like the whispering of wind through pines or the gentle purring of a cat

Just as philosophers and scientists have struggled to define visual beauty,they have attempted to analyze the appeal of pleasant sounds as well.Ultimately,sonic()beauty is in the ear of the beholder.Research and intuition can,however,suggest reasons why one person considers a musical piece gorgeous while another considers it a bucketful of noise.

The existence of noise is a clue in itself.A conventional definition of noise would include adjectives like unwanted,annoying,disorganized,or meaningless.Sounds that have no discernible pattern to them or that intrude on mental order are not generally considered beautiful.The relationship of sound to the situation is crucial.An assertive orchestral piece like Copland’s“Fanfare for the Common Man”could be strikingly beautiful at a Fourth of July celebration yet decidedly annoying when it blares from someone else’s apartment while you are trying to concentrate on a difficult task.

But it is the quest to discover the role of pattern that takes us beyond such intuitive judgments about the beauty of sound.In the 1930s,a mathematician named George Birkhoff proposed formulas that would place a given work score higher than less beautiful art.He proposed different specifics for analyzing painting,or geometric figures,or poetry,or music,but his central formula is M=O/C.The symbol M stands for beauty,O for organization,and C for complexity.(70)In other words,a work of music that is very well organized and not very complicated scores higher than a work with similary good organization but a high degree of complexity.Organization is good,complexity is bad.

This aspect of Birkhoff’s approach clearly oversimplifies the case.Organization and complexity to contribute to the perceived beauty of a musical piece,but not as mere opposites.They entwine and influence the piece in combination with each other and with other factors.To illustrate this,let’s consider one of those other factors,the musical experience and knowledge that a listener brings to a piece of music.

Music critics are well-known for disliking words that become immensely popular and for praising material that the general public finds boring or even unpleasant.Why should this disparity be so common?Or why should a 40-year-o;d who loved bouncy pop music during his teen years now find it hard to tolerate his own teenage children’s taste in music?

The answers probably involve a certain ideal level of complexity,a point where the complexity of a piece and the way it is organized are matched perfectly with a listener’s knowledge and experience.The work presents enough of a challenge so that the listener can enjoy thinking about and deciphering its patterns,but it is not so impossibly complex that the listener remains confused.A work that falls far below his ideal level is too simple or too familiar to be interesting.A work that reaches far above the ideal levels is frustrating and dissatisfying.

Questions 66--68:Answer the following questions according to the passage.

66.What adjectives are used to define noise conventionally?

67.According to the passage,what is the relationship between organization and complexity when contributing to the perceived beauty of a musical piece?

68.What level of complexity is ideal to a musical piece?

Questions 69--70:Translate the underlined sentences 69 and 70.

Section D(10 marks)

Questions 71-75 are based on the following passage.

Apology makes Right

Whether used to repair old,strained relationships or to lay the groundwork for new,productive ones,the mighty“sorry”has proved effective.

Apologies are powerful.They resolve conflicts without violence,repair disunity between nations,allow governments to acknowledge the suffering of their citizens,and restore balance to personal relationships.They are an effective way to restore trust and gain respect.They can be a sign of strength:proof that the apologizer has the self-confidence to admit a mistake.

Apologies,like so many other communication strategies,begin at home.They are one of what some linguists call speech acts and are used to keep relationships on track.Each cultural group has its own customs with regard to conversational formalities,including conventionalized means of repairing disruption.

In the American context,there is enough evidence that women are more inclined to offer an expression of apology than men.One woman,for example,told me that her husband’s resistance to apologizing makes their disputes go on and on.Once,after he forgot to give her a particularly important telephone message,she couldn’t get over her anger,not because he had forgotten(she realized anyone can make a mistake)but because he didn’t apologize.“Had I done something like that,”she said,“I would have fallen all over myself saying how sorry I was...I felt as though he didn’t care.”When I asked her husband for his side of the story,he said apologizing would not have repaired the damage.“So what good does it do?”he wondered.

The good it does is cementing the relationships.By saying he was sorry----and saying it as if he meant it----he would have conveyed that he felt bad about letting her down.Not saying anything sent the opposite message:it implied he didn’t care.Showing that you empathize provides the element of regret that is central to apologies----as does the promise to make amends

and not repeat the offense.In the absence of these,why should the wife trust her husband not to do it again?

Apologies can be equally powerful in day-to-day situations at home and at work.One company manager told me that they were magic bullets.When he admitted to subordinates that he had made a mistake and then expressed remorse,they not only forgave him,but became even more loyal.Conversely,when I asked people what most frustrated them in their work lives,coworkers refusing to admit fault was a frequent answer.

Questions 71-75:Read the passage carefully and then complete each space in the summary in a maximum of three words from the passage.

Summary:

Part V Translation(10 marks)

Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in brackets.Remember to write the answer on the answer sheet.

76.她总是觉得受人监视而心神不宁。（be obsessed with）

77.我姐姐已经习惯于照顾生病的我。（get accustomed to）

78.当他们抵达岛上后，罗伯特想出了一个主意:第二天早上看日出。（come up with）

79.他不管走到哪里都随身携带一笔记本，以便随时记录下自己的想法。（wherever）

80.在他有生之年，他一直没有成名，但他认为自己是一个合格的教师。（think of…as…）