try to努力You really must try to overcome your shyness.
try–ing试验Try practicing five hours a day.
I mean to go,but my father would not allow me to.[打算、想]我想去,但我父亲不让我去。
To raise wage means increasing purchasing power.[意味着]赠加工资意味着增加购买力。
prefer的用法:
我宁愿在这里等。
I prefer to wait here.(所以啊,你不介意的话,我就等下去。)
I prefer waiting here.(我正在这里等,我就喜欢这么做。)
I prefer swimming to cycling.(这个句子里面就不能用不定式了。)
3分词:
现在分词主动进行,过去分词被动状态
现在分词的形式:
1)一般式:Do you see the man talking to the dean(主任)?(与谓语动词同步发生)
2)完成形式:Not having made adequate preparations,they failed.(发生谓语动词之前)
3)完成被动形式:Having been adapted,the script seems perfect.(发生谓语动词之前且表示被动)
过去分词
1)过去分词表示被动:Fight no battle unprepared.
2)过去分词的进行形式:You'll find the topic being discussed everywhere.(强调正在被做)
这三种非谓语动词,都可以构成复合结构,非谓语动词所修饰的成分是这些非谓语动词的逻辑主语。他们之间的一致关系——主动还是被动,往往就是考点。独立主格结构中,要注意的是分词与他前面的逻辑主语之间的主动被动的关系。
二:虚拟三:虚拟语气
情态动词所表达的可能性程度:must/can't should/shouldn't might/may(not)
另外两个"类情态词的形式:"need/needn't;have to/don't have to
最自然的虚拟状态:由should/would+原型时态(不含时间只含状态)
本质上是过去将来时:即,时间固定在过去将来,状态不同:一般、进行、完成、完成进行。
这时"虚拟语气"的产生往往是因为我们要表达"本来应该……"(而现在却还没有……)
(本来可以……,本来能……)
I should go!(…but I'm still here!)(一般)
I should be working now!(进行)
I should have practiced more(than I did)!(完成)
我应该多多练习!(言下之意,现在我练习得不多。)
I shouldn't dream away my time too much!(完成的否定)
(actually I did dream away my time too much!)
It shouldn't have been leaking for such a long time!(完成进行)
I may/might/could have finished!(完成)
一些常见的句型中,就会出现这种虚拟语气,而处于从句之中,should常常被省略掉
osuggest,advise,propose,recommend,plan;
odemand,order,direct,arrange,command,decide;
orequire,request;
othink,expect,believe,insist,suspect.
由于他们的含义中包含"建议,假设,应该"这类的含义,所以,由他们引起的从句中,就会包含有should+原型时态构成的虚拟语气。