C. To protect children’s health.

D. To encourage research in education.

13. How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax?

A. They turned to overseas markets.

B. They raised the prices of their products.

C. They cut down on their production.

D. They reduced their products’ sugar content.

14. From which of the following is the sugar tax collected?

A. Most alcoholic drinks.

B. Milk-based drinks.

C. Fruit juices.

D. Classic Coke.

15. What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?

A. It is a short-sighted decision. B. It is a success story.

C. It benefits manufacturers.

D.It upsets customers.

【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国政府对软饮料征收的糖税来解决儿童以及青少年的健康问题，同时该收入用于学校体育。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to  soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help  reduce childhood obesity  .(该税于2016年4月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖超过5g的软饮料，旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。)”可知，征收糖税的目的是帮助儿童减少肥胖。故选C项。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops  have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers so they can avoid paying the  tax.(此前，制造商已经降低了商店中销售的超过一半的软饮料的含糖量，以避免纳税。)”可知，一些饮料公司通过降低了产品的含糖量来避税。故选D项。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段中的“However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have  accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting  consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of  the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per  year.(然而，一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受了糖税，并拒绝改变，因为担心会惹恼消费者。果汁、以牛奶为原料的饮料和大多数酒精饮料是免税的，每年生产不到100万升的小公司也是免税的。)”可知，糖税主要来自经典可口可乐这些高糖品牌。故选D项。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Today’s figures, according to one government official, show  the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for  sports facilities and healthier eating in  schools.(根据一位政府官员的说法，今天的数据显示了糖税的积极影响，它为学校的体育设施和健康饮食筹集了数百万英镑)”可推断，糖税政策的实施是一个成功的政策。故选B项。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Friendship needs care and  attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持)  long-distance friendships.·Set a regular dateLong-lasting friendships share the  characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another.  With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___.·More  isn’t always merrierMake sure yohave communicated with your friend about how  frequently each of yowants to be contacted and what method works best for yo both. ___17___. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such  as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.·Practise empathy (共情)___18___.  The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time  demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment  should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel  abandoned.·___19___Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in  long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day  communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply  keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates  will make sure nothing slips by you.·Don’t rely on technology alone___20___, but  long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort  to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just  spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.

A. Remember important dates

B. Compensate by writing letters

C. It is also helpful for yoto be a friendship keeper

D. Try to find a time that works for both of yoand stick to it

E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication

F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media

G. Yomay be the friend who left or the one who was left behind

【答案】16 D 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. F

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。

【16题详解】