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全国高考英语试卷及答案解析

第I卷选择题(共100分)

一.听力(每题1.5分，共30分)

二.阅读理解(每题2分，共40分)

第一部分阅读下面的文章，从每题后面所给的四个选项中选出正确的一项。

A

In the summer of 1978 an English farmer was driving his tractor through a field of wheat when he discovered that some of his wheat was lying flat on the ground. The flattened (变平的) wheat formed a circle about six meters across. Around this circle were four smaller circles of flattened wheat. The five circles were in a formation like five dots (点). During the following years, farmers in England found the strange circles in their fields more and more often.

The circles are called “crop circles” because they appear in the fields of grain—usually wheat or corn. The grain in the circles lies flat on the ground but is never broken; it continues to grow, and farmers can later harvest it. Farmers always discover the crop circles in the morning, so the circles probably form at night. They appear only in the months from May to September.

At first, people thought that the circles were a hoax. Probably young people were making them as a joke, or farmers were making them to attract tourists. To prove that the circles were a hoax, people tried to make circles exactly like the ones that farmers had found. They could not do it. They couldn’t enter a field of grain without leaving tracks, and they couldn’t flatten the grain without breaking it.

Many people believe that beings from outer space are making the circles to communicate(交流)with us from far away and that the crop circles are messages from them.

Scientists who have studied the crop circles suggested several possibilities. Some scientists say that a downward rush of wind leads to the formation of the circles—the same downward rush of air that sometimes causes an airplane to crash (坠毁). Other scientists say that forces within the earth cause the circles to appear. There is one problem with all these scientific explanations: crop circles often appear in formations, like the five-dot formation. It is hard to believe that any natural force could form those.

21.In the summer of 1978, an English farmer discovered in his field that ________.

A. some of his wheat had been damaged

B. his grain was growing up in circles

C. his grain was moved into several circles

D. some of his wheat had fallen onto the ground

22.According to the text, the underlined part “a hoax” (line 1, para. 3 ) probably means ________.

A. an action made to fool people

B. a special way to plant crops

C. a research on the force of winds

D. an experiment for the protection of crops

23.Which of the following may prove that the crop circles are not made by man?

A. The farmers couldn’t step out of the field.

B. The farmers couldn’t make the circles round.

C. The farmers couldn’t leave without footprints.

D. The farmers couldn’t keep the wheat straight up.

B

The next time yoeat a piece of chocolate, be sure to enjoy it, because according to two of the world’s largest chocolate makers—Mars Inc and Barry Callebaut, the treat may soon be in short supply. The problem? We are consuming the candy at a faster pace than farmers can grow cocoa. The manufacturers say that in 2013, people consumed 70,000 tons more cocoa than was produced. Experts say that this is the worst supply-demand imbalance they have experienced in more than 50 years.

Parts of the reason for the condition is the large reduction in supply, caused by a continuous drought in the west African countries of Ivory Coast and Ghana, where more than 70 percent of the world’s cocoa is produced. Additionally, a certain disease known as frosty pod has destroyed 30 to 40 percent of global cocoa production. As a result, many farmers have turned to more profitable and easier grown crops like corn. This means that even if conditions improve, cocoa production may never get back to normal.

Meanwhile, the world is only getting hungrier for chocolate. The biggest increase in demand is from the residents of emerging market countries like India. Though their consumption is nowhere close to the amount European devour, their newly acquired amount for the treat , is making a huge dent(凹痕) in an already tight market.

There is also the growing desire for dark chocolate, which contains more than 70 percent cocoa compared to normal chocolates. Experts believe that if consumption continue at this pace, cocoa deficits (差额) could swell to one million tons by 2020 and to an even more worrisome, two million tons, by 2030.

Not surprisingly, cocoa prices have risen by 60% since 2012, a cost that manufacturers have offset by raising the prices of everyone’s favorite candy. As the situation worsens, the price of chocolate can only rise—so be sure to enjoy piece of the sweet treat, like it is your last!

24. The underlined phrase “supply—demand imbalance” probably means .

A. People consume more chocolate than production

B. Farmers grow more cocoa than people’s demand

C. More and more people like eating chocolates now

D. Chocolates are becoming more and more expensive

25. It is hard to raise cocoa production probably because .

A. The weather is changeable in the west Africa