要点：1〕时态：从状语从句看出，这里用的是与过去情况相反的虚拟语气，所以用would have done。

2〕“被雨淋〞：be caught in the rain

89．are more likely to gain/put on weight

要点：1〕“更有可能〞：用likely而不用possible;2〕“增加体重〞：用put on weight或者gain weight都可以

90．What many people haven’t realized/What many people haven’t become aware of/What has not come to many people’s minds/What has not occurred to many people

要点：1〕主语从句：需要翻译的局部是一个what引导的主语从句。2〕时态：这里用现在完成时态比一般现在时态更适宜。

3〕“意识到〞：这个词有很多种翻译方法，具体见答案；特别需要注意的是用的词组不同，主语的搭配不一样，例如occur to主语为sth，而realize主语为sb。

91．closely related to the lack of exercise

要点：1〕“与…密切相关〞：relate…to…;注意这里是被动语态，助动词is已写出。

2〕“缺乏锻炼〞：the lack of exercise。这里lack是名词，定冠词the不可缺；其实也可以用lack的动名词形式：lacking exercise，但为了与主语the poor functioning of the human body对应，the lack of exercise更好。下面是小编整理的2023英语四级试题及答案，希望能帮助到大家。

2023英语四级试题及答案

注意：此局部试题在答题卡1上。

Directions:For this part,yoare allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Free Admission to Museums.Yoshould write at least 120 words following the outline given below:

1.越来越多的博物馆免费开放的目的是什么？

2.也会带来一些问题

3.你的看法

Free Admission to Museums

Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)〔15 minutes〕

Directions:In this part,yowill have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A〕，B〕，C〕and D〕.For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

How Do YoSee Diversity?

As a manager,Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company.During one interview,she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact.She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise.

He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions,but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said“untrustworthy,〞so she decided to offer the job to her second choice.

“It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,〞Tiffany confesses.What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s“different〞behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding.He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开)your eyes.

“I was just thrown off by the lack of eye contact;not realizing it was cultural,〞Tiffany says.“I missed out,but will not miss that opportunity again.〞

Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different.As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse,it is becoming essential to expand our understanding of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions.

Hire Advantage

At a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏见)from the process have a distinct advantage.My company,Mindsets LLC,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots.A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make.

“During my Mindsets coaching session,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce.I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets.The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company.When the real estate market began to change,it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to say in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.〞

Blinded by Gender

Dale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops on supervising a diverse workforce.“Through one of the sessions,I discovered my personal bias,〞he recalls.“I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person,and being open to differences.〞In his case,the blindness was not about culture but rather gender.

“I had a management position open in my department;and the two finalists were a man and a woman.Had I not attended this workshop,I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel.My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position,I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel.〞Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce.

“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation,I needed to present the full range of duties,responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision.〞Dale credits the workshop,“because it helped me make decisions based on fairness.〞

Year of the Know-It-All

Doug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops.He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.

“One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year.In my ignorance,I assumed he had his dates wrong’,as the first of January had just passed.When I advised him of this,I gave him a tong talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates.

“He patiently waited,then when I was done,he said he would like Chinese New Year off,not the Western New Year.He explained politely that in his culture the new year did not begin January first,and that Chinese New Year,which is tied to the lunar cycle,is one of the most celebrated holidays on the Chinese calendar.Needless to say,I felt very embarrassed in assuming he had his dates mixed up.But I learned a great deal about assumptions,and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture to culture.

“Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I could learn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with toy employees,rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all,〞Doug admits.“The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learning how to be more‘inclusive’to differences.〞

A Better Bottom Line

An open mind about diversity not only improves organizations internally,it is profitable as well.These comments from a customer service representative show how an inclusive attitude can improve sales.“Most of my customers speak English as a second language.One of the best things my company has done is to contract with a language service that offers translations over the phone.It wasn’t until my boss received Mindsets’training that she was able to understand how important inclusiveness was to customer service.As a result,our customer base has increased.〞

Once we start to see people as individuals,and discard the stereotypes,we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone.Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differences and similarities.It is about building better communities and organizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our shared humanity.