不可数名词的复数就是原型:paper,juice,water,milk,rice,tea
(二)名词的格
(1)有生命的东西的名词所有格:
a)单数后加’s如:Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt
b)以s结尾的复数名词后加’如:his friends’bags
c)不以s结尾的复数后加’s children’s shoes
并列名词中,如果把’s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有,如:
Tom and Mike’s car汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车
要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加’s
Tom’s and Mike’s cars汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车
(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“of+名词”来表示所有关系:如:
a picture of the classroom a map of China
二.冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类:
(1)不定冠词:a/an a unit/an uncle
元音开头的可数名词前用an:
an egg/an apple/an orange/an eraser/an answer/an ID card/an alarm clock/an actor/an actress/an e-mail/an address/an event/an example/an opera/an houran old man/an interesting book/an exciting sport/an action movie/an art lesson/
(2)定冠词:the the egg the plane
2.用法:
定冠词的用法:
(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物:The ruler is on the desk.
(2)复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater.The sweater is new.
(3)谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys aren’t at school.
(4)在序数词前:John’s birthday is February the second.
(5)用于固定词组中:in the morning/afternoon/evening
不用冠词的情况:
(1)专有名词前:China is a big country.
(2)名词前有定语:this,that,my,your,some,any,no等:
This is my baseball.
(3)复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys can’t swim.They are teachers.
(4)在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day.It’s Sunday.
(5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.
(6)球类棋类运动前:They often play football after class.He plays chess at home.
*但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well.
(7)学科名称前:My favorite subject is music.
(8)在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li.
(9)固定词组中:at noon at night by bus
三、代词:人称代词,物主代词
人称代词 物主代词
主格 宾格
第一