A、规则动词
①一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如worked,learned,cleaned,visited
②以e结尾的动词直接加d:如lived,danced,used
③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如study–studied carry–carried worry–worried(注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)
④双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如stopped
B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing–sang,eat–ate,
see–saw,have–had,do–did,go–went,take–took,buy–bought,get–got,read–read,fly–flew,am/is–was,
are–were,say–said,leave–left,swim–swam,tell–told,draw–drew,come–came,lose–lost,find–found,drink–drank,hurt–hurt,feel–felt
(3)一般将来时:
基本结构:①be going to+do;
②will+do.be going to=will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天).=I will go swimming tomorrow.
(4)现在进行时:am,is,are+动词现在分词
动词现在分词详解动词的ing形式的构成规则:
①一般的直接在后面加上ing,如doing,going,working,singing,eating
②以e结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing,如having,writing
③双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running,swimming,sitting,getting
第三部分:句法
1.陈述句
(1)肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:I’m a student.She is a doctor.He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom.He will eat lunch at 12:00.I watched TV yesterday evening.
(2)、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I’m not a student.She is not(isn’t)a doctor.
He does not(doesn’t)work in a hospital.There are not(aren’t)four fans in our classroom.
He will not(won’t)eat lunch at 12:00.I did not(didn’t)watch TV yesterday evening.
2.疑问句
一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答。
特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what,where,who,which,when,whose,why,how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes、no”来回答。
3.There be句型
There be句型与have,has的区别
1、There be句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)
2、在there be句型中,主语是单数,be动词用is;主语是复数,be动词用are;如有几件物品,be动词根据最*近be动词的那个名词决定。
3、there be句型的否定句在be动词后加not,一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
4、there be句型与have(has)的区别:there be表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has)表示某人拥有某物。
5、some和any在there be句型中的运用:some用于肯定句,any用于否定句或疑问句。
6、and和or在there be句型中的运用:and用于肯定句,or用于否定句或疑问句。
7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:
How many+名词复数+are there+介词短语?
How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语?
8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:
What’s+介词短语?