the 20th century)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世纪)
七、动词:动词的四种时态:
(1)一般现在时:
一般现在时的构成
1.be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时,要在动词后加“-s”或“-es”。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
动词+s的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks
2.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:study-studies
(2)一般过去时:
动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规则有:
A、规则动词
①一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如worked,learned,cleaned,visited
②以e结尾的动词直接加d:如lived,danced,used
③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如study–studied carry–carried worry–
worried(注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)
④双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如stopped
B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing–sang,eat–ate,
see–saw,have–had,do–did,go–went,take–took,buy–bought,get–got,read–read
,fly–flew,am/is–was,
are–were,say–said,leave–left,swim–swam,tell–told,draw–drew,come–came,lose
–lost,find–found,drink–drank,hurt–hurt,feel–felt
(3)一般将来时:
基本结构:①be going to+do;
②will+do.be going to=will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天).=I will go swimming tomorrow.
(4)现在进行时:am,is,are+动词现在分词
动词现在分词详解动词的ing形式的构成规则:
①一般的直接在后面加上ing,如doing,going,working,singing,eating
②以e结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing,如having,writing
③双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running,swimming,sitting,getting
第三部分:句法
1.陈述句
(1)肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:I’m a student.She is a doctor.He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom.He will eat lunch at 12:00.I watched TV yesterday evening.
(2)、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I’m not a student.She is not(isn’t)a doctor.
He does not(doesn’t)work in a hospital.There are not(aren’t)four fans in our classroom.
He will not(won’t)eat lunch at 12:00.I did not(didn’t)watch TV yesterday evening.