3、以f ,fe为结尾的词去掉f或fe加ves，ves读作【vz】 

4、以辅音加y 结尾的词，变y为ies 　　

5、以元音加y结尾的词，直接加s 

6、不规则变化 

man-men  woman-women   policeman-policemen

policewoman-policewomen这种情况下a变成e

1、单复数同形 Chinese-chinese  Japanese-japanese 

sheep -sheep deer -deer 　　

2、This 这个these这些(复数) that那个 those那些(复数) I我 we我们(复数) he他 she她 it它 they他、它、她们(复数) am ，is是 are(复数) 　　

二、人称代词主格及宾格 　　 

人称代词分为主格和宾格，主格和宾格区别：主格和宾格汉语意思相同，但位置不同。

Eg:I(主格)"我"-- me (宾格)"我" 　　

主格在陈述句中通常放句首，宾格通常放在动词后或介词后，也就是说宾格，不放在句首。

Eg :Ihave a new car.( I 主格)

Excuse me (me 宾格)

I ask him to go (him 宾格)

They sit in front of me (me 宾格) 　　

主格(8个)：

I 我you你 he他 she她 it它 we 我们you 你们they他(她、它)们

宾格(8个)：me我 you你 him 他her她 it它 us我们 you你们 them他(她、它)们 　　

三、名词所有格语法

1、变法：在人名后面加's 记住：'s要译成"的" eg:Lucy(名词所有格)Lucy's 　　2、如果是2个或2个以上人的名词所有格要在最后一个人名加's 　　Eg:Lilyand Lucy (名词所有格)Lilyand Lucy'S 　　LilyLucy and Julia (名词所有格)Lily Lucy and Julia's 

2、以s结尾的名词复数所有格在后面加'，

eg:students' 

小学英语必背知识 

一、代词 　　

项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词 　　人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性 　　第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 　　复数 we us our ours ourselves 　　第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 　　复数 you you your yours yourselves 　　第三人称 单数 she her her hers herself 　　he him his his himself 　　it it its its this that itself 　　复数 they them their theirs these those themselves 　　二、动词 　　A) 第三人称单数 　　当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下： 　　一)一般在词后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains 　　二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes 　　三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries 　　2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys 　　四)以o结尾加es。如：does, goes 　　五)特殊的有：are-is, have-has 　　B) 现在分词 　　当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下： 　　一)一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing 　　二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having 　　三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning 　　四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于 　　小学英语知识重点 　　疑问句 　　1) 一般疑问句 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like salad? 　　d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading? 　　肯定回答: a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is. 　　否定回答: a) No, he isn’t. b) No, you can’t. c) No, she doesn’t. d) No, they don’t. e) No, she isn’t. 　　2) 选择疑问句 Is the table big or small? 回答 It’s big./ It’s small. 　　3) 特殊疑问句 　　① 问年龄 How old is Lucy? She is twelve. 　　② 问种类 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies. 　　③ 问身体状况 How is your uncle? He is well/fine. 　　④ 问方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K. 　　How do we contact you? My e-mail address is ******************. 　　⑤ 问原因 Why do you want to join the club? 　　⑥ 问时间 What’s the time? (=What time is it?) It’s a quarter to ten a.m.. 　　What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock. 　　When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00. 　　⑦ 问地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table. 　　⑧ 问颜色 What color are they? They are light blue. 　　What’s your favourite color? It’s black. 　　⑨ 问人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister. 　　Who is the boy in blue? My brother. 　　Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma. 　　Who are Lisa and Tim talking to? 　　⑩ 问东西 What’s this/that (in English)? It’s a pencil case. 　　What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers. 　　11问姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen. 　　What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben. 　　What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith. 　　12 问哪一个 Which do you like? I like one in the box. 　　13 问字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f. 　　14 问价格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars. 　　15 问电话号码 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349. 　　16 问谓语(动作) What’s he doing? He’s watching TV. 　　17 问职业(身份) What do you do? I’m a teacher. 　　What’s your father? He’s a doctor.

Unit 1 How do you go to school？

一、重点短语：

by plane 坐飞机 by ship 坐轮船 on foot步行 by bike 骑自行车

by bus 坐公共汽车 by train 坐火车 traffic lights 交通灯 traffic rules交通规则

go to school 去上学 get to 到达 get on上车 get off下车

Stop at a red light. 红灯停 Wait at a yellow light. 黄灯等

Go at a green light. 绿灯行

二、重点句型：

1.How do you go to school？ 你怎么去上学？

2.Usually I go to school on foot. Sometimes I go by bus.

通常我步行去上学。有时候骑自行车去。

3.How can I get to Zhongshan Park ？ 我怎么到达中山公园？

4.You can go by the No. 15 bus. 你可以坐15路公共汽车去。